Effectiveness of a diabetes self-management support intervention in Vietnamese adults rith type 2 diabetes.

Abstract

ABSTRACT           A randomized control-group pretest-posttest design study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a diabetes self-management support intervention in Vietnamese adults with type 2 diabetes at the outpatient clinic of a general hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Participants with glycosalated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level greater than 7% were recruited and randomly assigned into the intervention (n=42) or the control group (n=44). Social cognitive theory was used as the framework to guide the intervention. Participants in the intervention group attended a weekly four session diabetes education program emphasizing confidence-enhancing skills for self-management of type 2 diabetes. Then, they were supported by telephone over five months by peer leaders who had type 2 diabetes and controlled blood glucose well (HbA1c level of 7% or less). Participants in the control group received usual care and a diabetes self-care booklet. Outcome measures included diabetes social support, diabetes self-efficacy, diabetes self-care behaviors, and HbA1c collected at baseline, three and six months post-intervention. Participants in the intervention group showed statistically significant improvement in diabetes social support, diabetes self-efficacy, diabetes self-care behaviors and HbA1c level compared with the control group at three and six months post-intervention [F(2, 168) = 16.53; F(2, 168) = 23.87; F(2, 168) = 43.45; and F(2, 168) = 41.39, p = 0.000, respectively]. The findings showed the effectiveness of this diabetes self-management support intervention for improving health outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, implementing this program at general hospitals is recommended.