บทบาทของประเทศไทยในคลับสภาพภูมิอากาศ

Thailand’s Roles in Climate Clubs

Authors

  • ยศพล จิระวุฒิ

Keywords:

การเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ, โลกาภิบาลสภาพภูมิอากาศ, คลับ, คลับสภาพภูมิอากาศ, องค์กรระหว่างประเทศ, Climate Change, Global Climate Governance, Club, Climate Club, International Organisation

Abstract

“คลับสภาพภูมิอากาศ” (Climate Clubs) เป็นรูปแบบความร่วมมือระหว่างประเทศหนึ่งที่ได้รับความสนใจในการแก้ไขปัญหาการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ คลับสภาพภูมิอากาศ หมายถึง กลุ่มตามความสมัครใจของตัวแสดงระหว่างประเทศ ซึ่งมีวัตถุประสงค์เกี่ยวกับการลดการปล่อยก๊าซเรือนกระจก และ/หรือการปรับตัวต่อการเปลี่ยน แปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ และให้ประโยชน์ที่ไม่ใช่ประเด็นสภาพภูมิอากาศแก่ผู้เข้าร่วมเป็นหลัก งานวิจัยฉบับนี้ศึกษาบทบาทของประเทศไทยในสถาบันระหว่างประเทศ 7 สถาบันที่มีลักษณะคลับ ได้แก่ ปฏิญญานครนิวยอร์กว่าด้วยป่าไม้ (NYDF) กองทุนหุ้นส่วนคาร์บอนป่าไม้ (FCPF) ทบวงพลังงานระหว่างประเทศ (IEA) ทบวงพลังงานหมุนเวียนระหว่างประเทศ (IRENA) องค์กรหุ้นส่วนพลังงานหมุนเวียนและประสิทธิภาพพลังงาน (REEEP) ความร่วมมือเรื่องสภาพภูมิอากาศและอากาศสะอาด (CCAC) และพันธมิตรนานาชาติการวิจัยก๊าซเรือนกระจกภาคเกษตร (GRA) ซึ่งสามารถเป็นพื้นฐานสำหรับการทำความเข้าใจกิจกรรมของประเทศไทยในโลกาภิบาลสภาพภูมิอากาศ บทบาทแรกคือการหารือ ซึ่งครอบคลุมการเข้าร่วมการอภิปรายและการตัดสินใจในเชิงเนื้อหาเกี่ยวกับการทำงานของสถาบัน ประเทศไทยดำเนินบทบาทนี้ใน FCPF, IEA, IRENA, REEEP, CCAC, และ GRA ซึ่งมีที่ประชุมสำหรับการตัดสินใจ สำหรับบทบาทที่สอง ผู้แทนประเทศไทยแลกเปลี่ยนความรู้หรือความเชี่ยวชาญในงานที่จัดโดยสถาบัน 6 สถาบันเหล่านั้น บทบาทที่สามคือการดำเนินโครงการ ประเทศไทยได้ดำเนินโครงการเพื่อบรรลุวัตถุประสงค์ตาม NYDF และร่วมงานกับ IEA, IRENA, CCAC, และ GRA สำหรับบทบาทที่สี่ ผู้แทนประเทศไทยดำรงตำแหน่งผู้บริหารใน FCPF, REEEP, และโครงการระบบการผลิตพลังงานด้วยเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ของ IEA   Climate clubs have received attention as a cooperative arrangement which could contribute to tackling climate change. Climate clubs refer to any voluntary group of international actors that (1) have one or more objectives related to climate change mitigation and/or adaptation, and (2) provide non-climate benefits primarily to participants. This research examines Thailand’s roles in seven international institutions with club characteristics: The New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF), the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), the International Energy Agency (IEA), the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP), the Climate and Clean Air Coalition to Reduce Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (CCAC), and the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases (GRA). This could provide a basis towards understanding Thailand’s activities in wider global climate governance. The first role is deliberation, i.e. participating in discussion and making substantive decisions regarding that particular institution. Thailand carries out this role in the FCPF, the IEA, IRENA, REEEP, the CCAC, and the GRA, all of which have decision-making assemblies. Secondly, Thai representatives exchange knowledge or expertise in events held by those six institutions. The third is project implementation. Thailand undertakes projects to fulfil NYDF objectives, and cooperate with the IEA, IRENA, the CCAC, and the GRA. Fourthly, Thai representatives held executive positions in the FCPF, REEEP, and the IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS).

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2022-10-31