การใช้ไคโตซานและปุ๋ยเพื่อเพิ่มการเจริญเติบโต ผลผลิต และสารเคอร์คูมินอยด์ในขมิ้นชัน
Use of Chitosan and Fertilizers to Increase Growth, Yield and Curcuminoid Content in Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)
Keywords:
ไคโตซาน , ปุ๋ย, ขมิ้นชัน, chitosan, fertilizers, turmericAbstract
ไคโตซานและปุ๋ยเป็นปัจจัยที่สำคัญต่อการเจริญเติบโต ผลผลิต และสารเคอร์คูมินอยด์ในขมิ้น จึงได้ศึกษาการใช้ไคโตซานและปุ๋ยเพื่อเพิ่มการเจริญเติบโต ผลผลิต และสารเคอร์คูมินอยด์ในขมิ้นชัน ผลการศึกษาพบว่า ขมิ้นชันที่ปลูกในดิน ที่มีการใช้ไคโตซานแบบคลุกดิน (0.1% w/w) และฉีดพ่นทางใบ (0.1% w/v) ร่วมกับปุ๋ยเคมี ส่งผลให้มีการเจริญเติบโต น้ำหนัก ผลผลิต และสารเคอร์คูมินอยด์เพิ่มขึ้นเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับขมิ้นชันที่ปลูกในดินที่ใช้ปุ๋ยเคมีเพียงอย่างเดียว ขมิ้นชันมีการเจริญเติบโต ผลผลิต และสารเคอร์คูมินอยด์เพิ่มขึ้นเมื่อปลูกในดินที่มีการใช้ปุ๋ยอินทรีย์ แต่ควรใช้ในอัตรา 8 ตัน/ไร่ จึงทำให้ ขมิ้นชันมีผลผลิตน้ำหนักแห้ง (30.9 กรัม) และสารเคอร์คูมินอยด์ (9.0%) สูงสุด นอกจากนั้น การใช้ปุ๋ยอินทรีย์ยังช่วยปรับปรุง สมบัติทางฟิสิกส์และทำให้ธาตุอาหารที่เป็นประโยชน์ในดินเพิ่มสูงขึ้น ดังนั้น การใช้ปุ๋ยอินทรีย์อัตรา 8 ตัน/ไร่ ในการปลูก ขมิ้นชันจึงเป็นอีกแนวทางหนึ่งในการผลิตขมิ้นให้มีผลผลิตและสารเคอร์คูมินอยด์เพิ่มขึ้น Chitosan and fertilizers are important factors affecting on plant growth and crop production. Therefore, the influence of turmeric cultivation in sandy loam soil with different fertilizers together with chitosan applications was assessed. The results showed that the turmeric cultivated in sandy loam soil with chitosan soil mixture (0.1 % w/w) and foliar spray application (0.1 % w/v) with chemical fertilizer stimulated better growth, yield and curcuminoid compared to turmeric grown in the soil with chemical fertilizers. While the addition of mixed organic fertilizers improved physicochemical properties and nutrient contents. From these results turmeric significantly promoted yield (30.9 g) and curcuminoid content (9.0 %) at the rate of 8tons/rai. Hence, mixed organic fertilizers at the rate of 8tons/rai can be used as nutrient sources to increase yield and curcuminoid content of turmeric.References
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